“A wise man once said, study the past if you want to define the future.” But what do you do when the past itself is disheveled? This question lingers when we consider how history has been shaped over time. Indian history, as we know it today, is often a product of colonial, political, and social influences that have narrowed the narrative, sidelining countless stories that deserve to be told. It is time to bring these forgotten stories to light, correct distortions, and understand who we truly are and where we come from.
The Problem with How History Is Taught
History, as taught in schools, is often reduced to a series of foreign invasions and the destruction that followed, while the achievements of India’s own rulers, thinkers, and cultures are sidelined. The emphasis on the narrative of India as a land that was looted and ravaged overshadows the incredible legacy of its indigenous kingdoms, scholars, and cultural contributors. This narrow focus leaves students disconnected from the richness of India’s heritage, which includes not only resilience in adversity but also unparalleled creativity, intellectual brilliance, and global influence.
For instance, most history textbooks dwell extensively on the Mughal and British periods while barely touching upon the scientific achievements of ancient Indian mathematicians like Aryabhata or the literary contributions of Kalidasa. Similarly, the architectural brilliance of the Cholas and the maritime achievements of the Eastern Gangas often take a backseat to the stories of invasions. This imbalance fosters a skewed understanding of history, leaving out narratives that could instil pride and belonging.
The Rich History We’re Missing
India’s history is not just about struggles against oppression; it is also a testament to creativity, resilience, and global cultural exchanges. Here are just a few examples that deserve more attention:
Eastern India’s Legacy
Odisha’s Eastern Gangas left behind stunning architectural marvels like the Sun Temple at Konark, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This masterpiece is not only an architectural wonder but also a symbol of India’s advanced knowledge of astronomy and engineering. Additionally, Odisha’s maritime history reveals a fascinating chapter that is often overlooked. The state’s sailors ventured across the seas, spreading Indian culture to Southeast Asia. Celebrations like Bali Jatra commemorate these ancient trade connections and highlight the influence of Indian culture in shaping the traditions of countries like Indonesia and Thailand.
The Western Trade Networks
Western India has a rich history of commerce and culture. Gujarat’s ports were vital hubs in the global trade network, connecting India with Africa, the Middle East, and beyond. Cities like Patan thrived as centres of art, commerce, and knowledge. While the Taj Mahal is often celebrated as a symbol of architectural grandeur, the Adalaj Stepwell in Gujarat stands as an equally magnificent creation, blending utility with elegance. These structures embody India’s ability to harmonise function and beauty.
Southern India’s Contributions
Southern India boasts a distinct and influential legacy. The Chola dynasty, under rulers like Raja Raja Chola and Rajendra Chola, created architectural wonders such as the Brihadeeswara Temple, a marvel of precision and artistic brilliance. Beyond architecture, the Chola Empire’s naval prowess facilitated cultural exchanges with Southeast Asia, influencing the art, religion, and governance of regions like Indonesia and Malaysia. The rich Tamil literature of this era, including the works of poets like Kamban, showcases the intellectual and cultural vibrancy of Southern India.
Northern and Northeastern Resilience
The Ahom dynasty of Assam resisted centuries of Mughal invasions, preserving their culture and independence. Their resilience is a shining example of India’s ability to withstand and adapt to external pressures. Similarly, the Kashmiri Pandits contributed significantly to India’s literary and philosophical traditions, enriching the intellectual fabric of the nation.
Centres of Learning
India was once home to some of the world’s greatest centres of learning. Institutions like Taxila and Nalanda attracted scholars from around the globe, establishing India as a beacon of knowledge and innovation. In Eastern India, Vikramashila continued this tradition, fostering intellectual growth and cultural exchange. These institutions predate the Western Renaissance by centuries, underscoring India’s role as a pioneer in education and ideas.
Why We Need to Rewrite History
Rewriting history isn’t about erasing the past; it’s about recovering the truth. Much of what we know today is shaped by colonial narratives that often distorted or omitted crucial aspects of India’s history. To reclaim our heritage, we must:
1. Research Thoroughly
Modern tools like archaeology, carbon dating, and digital reconstruction provide unprecedented opportunities to uncover forgotten stories. For example, recent underwater explorations near Dwarka have provided evidence of advanced urban planning in ancient India. These findings challenge outdated perceptions and highlight the sophistication of early Indian civilizations.
2. Include Diverse Narratives
India’s history spans vast regions and cultures. From the Northeast to the South, every community’s contributions deserve recognition. For instance, the rich folklore and oral histories of tribal communities often go unrecorded but are vital to understanding India’s cultural mosaic.
3. Balance Perspectives
While acknowledging the impact of invasions and colonialism is important, we must also celebrate the achievements of India’s rulers, thinkers, and artists. Highlighting stories of resilience and innovation can inspire future generations to take pride in their heritage.
The Role of History in Nation-Building
History is not just a list of events; it is a powerful tool for understanding identity and fostering unity. When we fail to acknowledge the full scope of our past, we deny future generations the pride and inspiration that comes from knowing their roots.
As the historian E.H. Carr famously remarked, “History is a continuous dialogue between the past and present.” By embracing the whole story, including both the struggles and triumphs, we empower future generations to build a more united and confident nation.
Practical Steps Toward Rewriting History
To rewrite history responsibly and effectively, we need a collaborative approach:
● Academic Initiatives: Encourage interdisciplinary research that combines history with science, technology, and cultural studies.
● Public Engagement: Use platforms like museums, documentaries, and digital media to make history accessible and engaging.
● Policy Changes: Advocate for history curricula that reflect diverse narratives and foster critical thinking.
●Community Participation: Involve local communities in documenting oral histories and preserving cultural heritage.
Conclusion: A New Beginning
Rewriting history isn’t about changing what happened; it’s about seeing it for what it truly was. When the past feels dishevelled, the only way forward is to seek the truth, correct the errors, and give voice to the forgotten stories. Only then can we truly understand where we’ve been, and more importantly, where we’re going.
By embracing our full history—acknowledging both the struggles and triumphs—we lay the foundation for a future grounded in pride, unity, and understanding. History isn’t just a lesson; it’s the bedrock of our identity, a compass guiding us toward a better tomorrow.
Jai Hind.